12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid (12-HETE) and 12-HETE ELISA Kit
Introduction to 12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid (12-HETE)
12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid (12-HETE) is a bioactive lipid mediator derived from arachidonic acid through the 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) pathway. It plays a significant role in inflammation, cancer progression, and cardiovascular diseases. Studies from the National Institutes of Health indicate that 12-HETE is involved in angiogenesis, immune responses, and tumor metastasis.
Biosynthesis and Mechanism of Action
12-HETE is synthesized through the enzymatic oxidation of arachidonic acid by the 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) enzyme. Once produced, 12-HETE interacts with G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and nuclear receptors to exert its biological effects. The mechanisms by which 12-HETE influences various physiological and pathological processes include:
- Regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis
- Modulation of inflammatory responses
- Induction of angiogenesis and metastasis
12-HETE in Disease and Therapeutic Potential
- Cancer: Research from the National Cancer Institute suggests that 12-HETE is involved in tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. It enhances epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key process in cancer invasion and metastasis.
- Cardiovascular Disease: 12-HETE plays a key role in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis, as noted in studies by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Elevated levels of 12-HETE contribute to endothelial dysfunction and platelet aggregation, increasing the risk of thrombosis.
- Inflammatory Conditions: Elevated 12-HETE levels are associated with chronic inflammatory disorders, including asthma and rheumatoid arthritis (NIH Immunology Research).
- Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders: Emerging studies indicate that 12-HETE is implicated in insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome by altering insulin signaling pathways.
- Neurological Disorders: Studies from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke suggest that 12-HETE contributes to neuroinflammation and may be linked to conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis.
12-HETE ELISA Kit: Applications and Benefits
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits specific to 12-HETE are widely used for quantifying 12-HETE levels in biological samples. The 12-HETE ELISA Kit is a powerful tool for:
- Cancer research (National Cancer Institute)
- Cardiovascular studies (NIH Cardiovascular Research)
- Inflammation research (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases)
- Metabolic disease research (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases)
- Pharmacological testing for drug efficacy (FDA Drug Evaluation)
Features of 12-HETE ELISA Kit
- High sensitivity and specificity for detecting 12-HETE
- Compatible with various biological samples, including serum, plasma, and cell lysates
- Quantitative results for 12-HETE levels
- Fast and reproducible results suitable for high-throughput screening (NCBI PubMed)
Protocol for Using the 12-HETE ELISA Kit
- Sample Preparation: Collect plasma, serum, or cell lysates following standard protocols (CDC Biospecimen Collection Guidelines).
- Reagent Preparation: Bring all reagents to room temperature before use.
- Assay Procedure:
- Add 100 μL of diluted samples or standards to each well.
- Incubate for 1-2 hours at room temperature.
- Wash with buffer and add biotinylated detection antibody.
- Incubate, wash, and add enzyme conjugate.
- Develop the reaction with TMB substrate and measure absorbance at 450 nm.
- Data Analysis: Compare results with standard curves to determine 12-HETE concentration (NIH Data Analysis Guide).
Current Research and Future Directions
Research into 12-HETE and its biological functions continues to grow, with novel applications in drug development and biomedical engineering (NIH Research Grants). Some promising areas include:
- Targeting 12-HETE in cardiovascular diseases (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute)
- Exploring 12-HETE as a biomarker for cancer progression (National Cancer Institute)
- Developing new 12-HETE-targeting drugs (FDA Drug Development)
- Understanding the role of 12-HETE in neurodegenerative diseases (National Institute of Neurological Disorders)
- Investigating 12-HETE’s impact on metabolic syndromes and diabetes (NIDDK Research)
Conclusion
12-HETE is a key lipid mediator with critical roles in cancer, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, metabolic disorders, and neurodegeneration. The 12-HETE ELISA Kit provides researchers with an essential tool to quantify and study 12-HETE levels in various contexts. Ongoing research at leading institutions such as the National Institutes of Health and National Cancer Institute is expanding our understanding of 12-HETE’s role in human health and potential therapeutic applications.
For further details on 12-HETE and its role in biomedical research, visit PubMed and NCBI.